Historically, ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks have been avoided in patients at risk for experiencing acute compartment syndrome (ACS). These blocks were thought to mask pain, delaying diagnosis and treatment, leading to limb ischemia or more severe patient outcomes such as loss of limb and even death. However, studies demonstrate all analgesic regimens (including opioids) have been blamed for masking ACS. This session reviews the etiology and pathophysiology of ACS and current best practices for incorporating regional anesthesia into the perioperative pain management plan in patients at risk for ACS.
Learning Objectives:
Review the etiology and pathophysiology of acute compartment syndrome (ACS), including patient risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis.
Understand the historical concerns for performing regional anesthesia on patients who are at risk for ACS.
Identify a protocol that incorporates regional anesthesia for assessing and managing patients at risk for ACS using best evidence-based practices.
